What was Alboquerque's reward?
By Chelsie Vandaveer
December 16, 2003
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Although, Affonso d'Alboquerque lost his first ship and treasure in a storm, he returned to the Malabar Coast. He spent the remainder of his years building a Portuguese presence and administrating the spice trade along the coastline of India and the East Indies. There were rebellions, still Alboquerque established numerous trade treaties. He attacked Aden (Yemen) and though repulsed, the Portuguese gained possession of Soqotra.
Alboquerque built Portuguese settlements and made Goa into a 'European' city rivaling Lisbon. It is said Goa was the most peaceful, safest, and cleanest city of that era. Alboquerque was just and fair in his administration and even respected by the Hindu and Moslem peoples.
In 1515, he finally captured Ormuz. Alboquerque had established Portugal as "the trade power" between Europe and the spice (wealth) producing East Indies. Portugal was profiting enormously--it is reported that mark-up on the spices amounted to as much as 32,000 percent. Cinnamon, pepper, ginger, cloves, nutmeg, and sugar flooded into the European market.
Alboquerque's political enemies, who remained behind in the court of King Manuel I, were especially critical of his military tactics and administration. The Soarez family suggested to the king that Alboquerque was not loyal to the throne. They succeeded in turning the king against him.
Upon returning to Goa from the capture of Ormuz, Alboquerque met a dispatch ship out of Portugal. King Manuel I revoked all Alboquerque's privileges and ordered his administration turned over to Lopo Soarez d'Albergaria, a rival family and Alboquerque's personal enemy. Alboquerque wrote a long letter to his king. Then he died still aboard his ship in sight of his lovely Goa.
(Compiled from: "D'Albuquerque", 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica; "The Spice Trade -- India", reprinted from the Economist and the "History of Goa")
The "PhotoGuide.to" website has numerous photographs of Goa and surrounding countryside. To view the photographs, click on the link:
http://www.photoguide.to/goa/
Use the underlined links at the top or on the left, to go to the various pages of photographs.
Series: | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | | 6 |
Suggested Reading:
How did the Spanish break Arab control of the sweet spice? Plants that Changed History - 11/06/01
Lord Nelson, Napoleon, and the Silesian Beet Plants that Changed History - November 13, 2001
What spice was as valuable as gold and silver? Plants that Changed History - May 7, 2002
What was the Pepper Gate? Plants that Changed History - May 21, 2002
Why did Alexander take the island of bliss? Plants that Changed History - November 4, 2003
How did Portugal gain control of the spice trade? Plants that Changed History - December 2, 2003
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