What is eating the violets?
By Chelsie Vandaveer
July 23, 2003
Gurney's Seed and Nursery -$20 off—>Click here.
killerPlants Tendrils: ~~1~~2~~3~~4~~5~~
Suggested Reading—>Click here.
Assorted Killer Savings Garden Links—>Click here.
Killer Picks: Professionally Designed Gardens—>Click here.
Black Satin Viola, Johnny Jump-Up Viola, Asclepias 'Gay Butterfly Mix'—>Click here.
Butterfly Bush, Pink Delight, Butterflies & Hummingbirds Garden, Annual Garden—>Click here.
One can draw a line across North America at the thirty-sixth parallel, south of this line with few exceptions, the great spangled fritillary (Speyeria cybele Fabricius) is sporadic and rare; north of this line with few exceptions, the butterfly is common. The butterfly is at home in open, moist meadows, pastures, and woodlands.
Great spangled fritillaries are orange and brown on the upper side of the wings; brown and tan with silvery spots on the underside. The wingspan ranges from 6.5 to 10 centimeters (2.5 to 4 inches). (Great Spangled Butterfly, Paul Opler, Butterflies and Moths of North America)
The great spangled is a fast, strong flier that pauses to take nectar from milkweeds (Asclepiads), thistles, joe-pye weed, coneflowers, and other Composites, and many of the clovers (Trifolium species). Any rich nectaring plants will attract great spangleds. To keep great spangleds in the garden requires violets (Viola species).
Great spangleds are univoltine, one generation per year. The females mate in early summer. The great spangleds then seem to disappear for a few weeks possibly resting through the hottest weather. They will reappear in late summer or early fall; the females lay their brownish eggs on or near violets.
The caterpillars are black with branching spines. Newly hatched in the autumn, the caterpillars do not feed, but seek shelter under fallen leaves. They hibernate and emerge in spring to feed on the new leaves of the violets. (Field Guide to North American Butterflies, Robert Michael Pyle, National Audubon Society, Alfred A Knopf, New York, 1981)
The Massachusetts Butterfly Club of the North American Butterfly Association has several excellent photographs of the great spangled fritillary. To view the photographs, click on the link:
Click here to view the photographs
The North American Butterfly Association is a great organization. To learn more about the NABA or join a chapter near you, click on the link:
http://www.naba.org
killerPlants Tendrils: ~~1~~2~~3~~4~~5~~
Suggested Reading:
What was love-in-idleness? What's in a Name? - March 12, 2004
Were the hearts eased? Herbal Folklore - March 15, 2004
Why do zebra swallowtails eat pawpaw leaves? Renfield's Garden - May 5, 2004
How does a passionflower fool a butterfly? Renfield's Garden - August 1, 2001
Who was Asclepiades Bithynus? What's in a Name? - October 11, 2002
Killer Savings Links:
Breck's Bulbs -$25 off—>Click here.
Gurney's Seed and Nursery -$20 off—>Click here.
Henry Fields Seed and Nursery -$20 off—>Click here.
Spring Hill Nursery -$20 off—>Click here.
Gardens Alive! -$20 off—>Click here.
Michigan Bulb -$20 off—>Click here.
Unique Professionally Designed Gardens
Springhill Nursery®
Spring Hill Nursery has unique gardens professionally designed by experts to take the guesswork out of gardening. Whether you are looking for a three season garden, foundation garden, or a garden to attract hummingbirds and butterflies, Spring Hill Nursery has created a step-by-step design just for you.
Click here - $20 off your first order at Spring Hill Nursery!
|
|
Black Satin Viola
Gurney's Seed and Nursery®
Amazing Contrast Ground Cover!
At only 6-8 inches tall, this diminutive beauty flowers from early spring through summer. Nestle these pansylike 1 ½” flowers in a rock garden or container. Their delicate black petals show off sunny yellow centers. Adds a vibrant touch as a ground cover.
Potted.
Zones 5-9.
|
|
Click here - $20 off any order for $50 or more of perennials at Gurneys.com!
Click here to view Perennials & Roses For Sale - $20 off any order for $50 or more of perennials at Gurneys.com!
|
|
|
Johnny Jump-Up Viola
Gurney's Seed and Nursery®
Vivid Tricolored Blooms
An ideal edger. Grows just 7-9 inches tall.
Blooms spring to fall- an enticing yellow- purple- white mix.
Prefers cool soil, partial shade.
|
|
This Item Ships In Both Spring And Fall
Click here - $20 off any order for $50 or more of perennials at Gurneys.com!
Comments: Biennial in mild climate; annual in the North. Blooms early; lasts until frost. Compact growth. Does well in partial shade.
Annual flowers are easy to grow, bloom over a long period and allow you to enjoy a whole new look every year. Mass large numbers of them in beds and borders for a stunning color display, or tuck smaller numbers of them into perennial planting that need a little extra pizzazz.
Click here to view Perennials & Roses For Sale - $20 off any order for $50 or more of perennials at Gurneys.com!
|
|
|
Asclepias 'Gay Butterfly Mix'
Spring Hill Nursery®
The Asclepias Gay Butterfly Mix has tiny, pendulous blossoms in shades of orange, red, pink and lemon-yellow are sure to lure butterflies to your garden! Cut flowers and pods are beautiful in either fresh or dried arrangements with Asclepias. Blooms profusely throughout summer. Grows 18-36" tall with a similar spread.
Shipped in 3" pot. Deer tend to avoid.
Asclepias tuberosa Zone 2 to 8
|
|
This Item Ships In Both Spring And Fall
Click here - Save $20 on $50 order
Garden Perennials - Save $20 on $50 order
|
|
|
Butterfly Bush, Pink Delight One Cent Sale!
Spring Hill Nursery®
Large, fragrant flower clusters emit a delicate scent that attracts butterflies and hummingbirds to your garden. Bright pink blooms from summer to fall, growing 6-8' tall with similar spread. Plant in full sun to partial shade.
Shipped in 4" pot. Deer tend to avoid. Zones 5-9
Buddleia davidii
|
|
This Item Ships In Both Spring And Fall
Click here - Save $20 on $50 order
Flowering Shrubs - Save $20 on $50 order
|
|
|
Garden For Butterflies & Hummingbirds
Spring Hill Nursery®
Save 27% by purchasing six varieties of butterfly- and hummingbird-attracting plants.
Butterfly Hummingbird Garden includes:
1 Butterfly Bush
3 Penstemon
3 Dragonflower
3 Keys of Heaven
3 Monarda
3 Wild Romance Aster
|
|
Click here - Save $20 on $50 order
Click here for unique professionally designed gardens - Save $20 on $50 order
|
Butterflies::
- Black Swallowtail
- Clouded Sulfer
- Pearl Crescent
- Painted Lady
- Buckeye
- Checkered Skipper
- Bronze Copper
- Common Blue
- Red Admiral
- Viceroy
|
|
Hummingbirds::
- Ruby-throated
- Black-chinned
- Rufous
- Broad-tailed
|
|
|
Annual Garden
Gurney's Seed and Nursery®
Your Own Flower Factory!
Get two packets of Johnny Jump-up Viola and one packet each of monkeyflower, Queen Mix Cleome, bachelor button, Sensation cosmos, Crystal Palace lobelia, Swiss Giant pansy, Imperial Mix scabiosa, strawflower and State Fair zinnia.
Fills a 4-foot x 10-foot bed and comes complete with planting diagram and marker stakes.
|
|
This Item Ships In Both Spring And Fall
Click here - $20 off any order for $50 or more of perennials at Gurneys.com!
Annual flowers are easy to grow, bloom over a long period and allow you to enjoy a whole new look every year. Mass large numbers of them in beds and borders for a stunning color display, or tuck smaller numbers of them into perennial planting that need a little extra pizzazz.
Click here to view Perennials & Roses For Sale - $20 off any order for $50 or more of perennials at Gurneys.com!
Comments:
- JOHNNY JUMP-UP- PLANTING: Sow seed as soon as the weather is warm and danger of all frost is past. Seed can also be started indoors 6-8 weeks before transplanting. This variety prefers cool, partly shaded sites and well-drained soil. Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep and 2-3 inches apart in rows 24 inches apart. Germination should take place in 7-14 days. CARE: Water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. After seedlings grow 2 inches tall, thin so plants are 6-8 inches apart. This variety grows 7-9 inches tall and produces tricolored yellow, purple and white blooms spring to fall. Cutt off faded flowers to encourage continued bloom.
- SCABIOSA STELLATA, STARFLOWER: planting--start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost and transplanting. This variety prefers full sun and rich soils. Seeds can also be planted outdoors when danger of frost has past. Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep and 6-8 inches apart in rows 18 inches apart. Germination should take place in 15-20 days. CARE-- water well during dry weather and mulch to remove weeds. This variety grows 18 inches tall. The principle reason for growing this variety is its ball-shaped seed pods which are excellent for dried flower arrangements.
- SCABIOSA, IMPERIAL MIX.-planting--Sow the seed as soon as the weather is warm and danger of frost is past. Seed can also be started indoors 6-8 weeks before transplanting. This variety prefers full sun and well-drained soil. Plant seeds 1/4 in deepand 6-8 in apart in rows 18 inches apart. Germination should take place in 7-14 days.-- care--Water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. After seedlings grow 2 inches tall, thin so plants are 10-16 inches apart. This variety grows 30 inches tall and produces crimson, pink, rose and lavender blooms all summer. Cutt off faded flowers to encourage continued bloom.
- CLEOME, QUEES MIX--planting-- Sow seeds outdoors after all danger of frost has past. This variety prefers full sun and will tolerate poor soils and dry conditions. Plant seed 1/4 inch deep and thin seedlings to stand 18-24 inches apart. Germination should take place in 7-10 days.--care-- Water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. This variety grows 3-6 feet tall with pink, rose, orchid and white flowers. Blooms appear from June through August. Self-sowing of cleome is quite common.
- LOBELIA, CRYSTAL PALACE--planting-- sow seed as soon as the weather is warm and danger of frost is past. Seed can also be started indoors 6-8 weeks before transplanting. This variety prefers full sun and well-drained soil. Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep and 2-3 inches apart in rows 12 inches apart. Germination should take place in 7-14 days.--care--water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. After seedlings grow 2 inches tall, thin so plants are 6-8 inches apart. This variety grows 4 inches tall and forms a 7-inch wide band of violet-blue blooms that last until frost. Cut off faded flowers to encourage continued bloom.
- ZINNIA, STATE FAIR-- planting-- sow seed as soon as the weather is warm and danger of all frost is past. Seed can also be started indoors 6-8 weeks before transplanting. This variety prefers full sun and well-drained soil. Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep and 12-16 inches apart in rows 24 inches apart. Germination should take place in 7-14 days.--care-- water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. After seedlings grow 2 icnhes tall, thin so plants are 18-20 inches apart. This variety grows 30 inches tall and produces red, orange, purple, yellow and pink blooms until frost. Cut off faded flowers to encourage continued bloom.
- COSMOS, SENSATION--planting-- sow seed as soon as the weather is warm and danger of frost is past. Seed can also be started indoors 6-8 weeks before transplanting. This variety prefers full sun and relatively dry soil. Plant seeds 1/4 inchdeep and 12-16 inches apart in rows 24 inches apart. Germination should take place in 7-14 days.--care-- water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. After seedlings grow 2 inches tall, thin so plants are 18-20 inches apart. This variety grows 4-6 feet tall and produces yellow-centered, daisy-like blooms in shades of red, pink and white. Cut off faded flowers to encourage continued bloom.
- PANSY, SWISS GIANT--planting-- best seeded indoors. 6 weeks before transplanting. Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep and 1 inch apart, separating rows by 6 inches. Germination should take place in 10-20 days. Move seedlings to peat pots when the plants begin to touch. Move to the garden when the weather is warm and the plants are 2-3 inches tall. Set them 8-12 inches apart in rows 18 inches apart. This variety prefers full sun and well-drained soil.--CARE-- water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. After seedlings grow 2 inches tall, thin so plants are 8 inches apart. This variety grows 6 inches tall and produces whiskered, multicolored blooms June to frost. Cut off faded flowers to encourage continued bloom.
- STRAWFLOWER, HELICHRYSUM-- planting-- Sow seed as soon as the weather is warm and danger of frost is past. Seed can also be started indoors 6-8 weeks before transplanting. This variety prefers full sun and well-drained soil. Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep and 12-16 inches apart in rows 24 inches apart. Germination should take place in 7-14 days.--care-- Water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. After seedlings grow 2 inches tall, thin so plants are 18-20 inches apart. This variety grows 30 inches tall and produces red, yellow, orange and white blooms all summer long. Flowers have curling petals and are excellent for drying-pick before buds are fully open for best results. Cut off faded flowers to encourage continued bloom.
- BACHELOR BUTTON, MIXED-- planting-- Best seeded indoors, 6 weeks before transplanting. Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep and 1 inch apart, separating rows by 6 inches. Germination should take place in 10-20 days. Move seedlings to peat pots when the plants begin to touch. Move to the garden when the weather is warm and the plants are 4-6 inches tall. Set them 12-18 inches apart in rows 24 inches apart. This variety prefers full sun and well-drained soil.--care-- Water well during dry weather and mulch to reduce weeds. This variety grows 30-34 inches tall and produces button-like blue, pink and white blooms May to July. Cut off faded flowers to encourage continued bloom.
|
| |
killerplants Recommended Seed and Nursery Stores
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BACK TO TOP
|
|