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What is a codling moth?

By Chelsie Vandaveer

December 31, 2003

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killerPlants Tendrils: ~~1~~2~~3~~4~~5~~

Suggested Reading—>Click here.

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There is only one thing worse than biting into an apple and finding a 'worm'. It is biting into the apple and finding half a 'worm'. The 'worm' is a caterpillar, the larval stage of the codling moth

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(Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus)).

The codling moth is native to Eurasia and a major pest of apples (Malus species) and pears (Pyrus species). The moth has been introduced wherever apples and pears were introduced; it is considered a pest in temperate zones worldwide. The adult is gray and white, cryptically colored to the apple bark where it rests during the day.

The insects are bivoltine--two generations per year. Each mated female will lay thirty to seventy eggs on young developing apples or on leaves near the apples. Within 24 hours of hatching, the tiny caterpillars chew their way into the fruit. They eat into the center of the fruit and feed on the developing seeds. If the insects are not controlled, they can ruin 95 percent of the fruit in the orchard.

Control of the moth is difficult. With the majority of their lifetime spent inside the fruit, they are safe from predators and contact insecticides. The most effective control discovered to date is to lure the males with the female's pheromones into sticky traps. ("Codling Moth", Diane G. Alston and Michael E. Reding, Entomology, Utah State University Extension Service)

The name, codling moth, dates to the mid-1800s. The moth was named for the codlin or codling, a small hard sour apple that grew semi-wild in hedgerows and could only be eaten stewed. (Century Unabridged Dictionary, 1889)

Kansas State University Research and Extension Service has posted photographs of the cryptically colored adult and the larva emerging from an apple. To view the photographs, click on the link:

http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/dp_hfrr/extensn/problems/codling.htm

killerPlants Tendrils: ~~1~~2~~3~~4~~5~~

Suggested Reading:

Why do apple growers chop down cedars? Weird Plants - April 17, 2003
Why must apples be grafted? Weird Plants - April 3, 2003
What is a codling moth? Renfield's Garden - December 31, 2003
Who was Tantalus? What's in a Name? - July 30, 2004
What was a crabbe? What's in a Name? - March 28, 2003

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