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What is a xylothek?

By Chelsie Vandaveer

July 4, 2003

killerPlants Tendrils: ~~1~~2~~3~~4~~5~~

Suggested Reading—>Click here.

Assorted Killer Savings Garden Links—>Click here.

Killer Picks: Chateau Anjou Demi-Desk—>Click here.

Charles II Armchair, Abbotsford House Victorian Sofa, San Giacomo Side Table—>Click here.

Sir Benedict's Library Table, Swan Fainting Couch, Historic Monk's Bench—>Click here.

La VoÛte Grande Crescent Mahogany Executive Desk—>Click here.

Specimens--pressed, dried, and mounted on sheets of paper--are the only way of authenticating and providing a permanent record of plant species. The herbarium sheet contains the collector's name, the date, the location of the plant, and any other details that might be important. The herbarium specimen allows the tracking of variation in species, provides clues to changes in the environment, and verifies invasions and extinctions. Herbarium specimens are a legacy.

Some plants, particularly trees, do not lend well to mounting on paper. The xylothek [zi lo tek] was a solution; most were made in Germany. The name comes from the Greek, xylon or wood, and bibliothek, the German word for library. The xylothek (sometimes spelled xylotheque) is literally a library of wood, a collection of book-like boxes made from trees--the wood and bark with the seeds, leaves, flowers, fruit--or illustrations of the soft parts, inside.

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South Africa, Cape Town, Seaview

South Africa, Cape Town, Seaview
Jacob Halaska
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Clemenz Heinrich Wehdemann wrote of trees, painted trees, and fashioned boxes from trees. Born in Kingdom of Hanover in 1762, he entered the army of the Dutch East Indies Company and was stationed in the Cape, South Africa in 1784. The fortunes of war made him jobless in 1795, a soldier again in 1802, and jobless again in 1806.

Around 1820, Wehdemann began building a xylothek; he crafted boxes from the wood of South African trees and placed inside each box a painting and samples from that tree. His xylothek consisted of sixty boxes, each a record of a tree species.

Wehdemann's xylothek was sold in Cape Town in 1827 and shipped to Scotland. He lived the last years of his life homeless, granted a room on another man's farm. When Wehdemann died in 1836, it was recorded that he owned a violin, a bed made of straw, a chair, and a table--no record of his paints, brushes, or woodworking tools. Fifty-two volumes of his xylothek returned to Africa in 1906, eight were lost. Two hundred years after Wehdemann's birth, his xylothek found a home in South Africa's Botanical Research Institute. ("The botanist who made boxes", South African Journal of Science, Volume 94, No. 1, January 1998)


Xylotheks were made in Europe and Japan, the art never caught on in other parts of the world. There are no photographs of Wehdemann's, but there are other exquisite examples of xylotheks. The Museum of Sternwarte Kremsmünster has posted a photograph of their xylothek on the Object of the Month (December, 1997) page. To view a beautiful example of this forgotten craft, click on the link:

http://cisto.at/stift/xylothek.html

The Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum of Berlin-Dahlem has posted a page on Japanese xylotheks. To view this art and a cabinet made for the collection, click on the link:

http://www.bgbm.org/BGBM/museum/expo/1998/xylothek.htm

 

killerPlants Tendrils: ~~1~~2~~3~~4~~5~~

 

Suggested Reading:

What is an artichoke? Weird Plants - January 22, 2004
Stiff Marsh Bedstraw (Galium tinctorium) Plant of the Week - July 12, 2004
What were the Roman calends? What's in a Name? - February 22, 2002
What is fagot-wood? Plants that Changed History - March 18, 2003
What pain-killer came from a strewing herb? Herbal Folklore - December 10, 2001

Killer Savings Links:

Breck's Bulbs -$25 off—>Click here.

Gurney's Seed and Nursery -$20 off—>Click here.

Henry Fields Seed and Nursery -$20 off—>Click here.

Spring Hill Nursery -$20 off—>Click here.

Gardens Alive! -$20 off—>Click here.

Michigan Bulb -$20 off—>Click here.

 

Unique Professionally Designed Gardens

Springhill Nursery®

Spring Hill Nursery has unique gardens professionally designed by experts to take the guesswork out of gardening. Whether you are looking for a three season garden, foundation garden, or a garden to attract hummingbirds and butterflies, Spring Hill Nursery has created a step-by-step design just for you.  Click here - $20 off your first order at Spring Hill Nursery!

Chateau Anjou Demi-Desk

Chateau Anjou Demi-Desk

Our early 18th century French antique replica is sized for versatility and boasts a sliding desktop for added writing space. Of handcarved mahogany, it features two shelved cabinets and drawers for storage, flanking a space for display. It's rich authentic period details take a team to complete this signature piece of furniture art. Ships in 2 pieces. 39"Wx26"Dx54"H. 100 lbs.


  Chateau Anjou Demi-Desk
Charles II Armchair

Charles II Armchair

Since the 1700s, European castles have filled their massive halls with elaborately carved chairs like our exclusive replica. Picture today's highly skilled craftsmen, like those 300 years ago, carving a single, solid mahogany chair by hand--you'll soon realize why it is wrought with ornate beauty! A hand-rubbed finish and a multi-colored coat of arms jacquard tapestry, upholstered on front and back, give it all the authenticity of a fine period antique. See additional views for upholstery color swatch. Call for free fabric swatches at 1-800-525-5141. (with arms) 22"Wx21"Dx44½"H. 25 lbs.


  Charles II Armchair
Abbotsford House Victorian Sofa

Abbotsford House Victorian Sofa

The deep-seated comfort of this stately sofa lies in its 8-way hand tied suspension, covered in exquisite double-welted quality jacquard upholstery in the color of scarlet flora atop light green vines and set against a tan background. Taking two weeks to handcarve in solid mahogany, from the gracefully arching legs and arms to the intricately stylized nobleman at its crown, this expansive reproduction sofa is true Victorian style. See additional views for upholstery color swatch. 60"Wx27"Dx41"H. 85 lbs.


  Abbotsford House Victorian Sofa
San Giacomo Side Table

San Giacomo Side Table

Originally used to store cigars, this ingenious work of furniture art is so perfectly sized that it will be at home almost anywhere! Like the original antique, our exclusive, solid mahogany table sits atop cabriole legs and features 2 drawers and a single shelf behind a hinged door ready to guard your treasures. Bedside or in a drawing room, you'll appreciate this replica English antique for its quality ornate hand-carving, a distinctive feature of the Baroque style. 16"Wx16"Dx34"H. 28 lbs.


  San Giacomo Side Table
Sir Benedict's Library Table

Sir Benedict's Library Table

Almost five full feet of ornately hand-carved stylized lions, acanthus leaves and ornate turnings embellish everything from the balustrade's gadroons to the half-foot-wide apron on this Design Toscano signature piece! Requiring well over a week of skilled hand-carving to create, this grande-scale investment in historic furniture art is a celebration of the decorative architecture of the Renaissance. Whether it serves in the library, entry or office, our solid hardwood piece is stylishly distinctive. Simple assembly required. 60"Wx28"Dx30"H. 93 lbs.


  Sir Benedict's Library Table
Swan Fainting Couch (Left Version) (Shown Here)

Swan Fainting Couch (Left Version) (Shown Here)

Just as fashionable today as when Victorian ladies "swooned" on similar styles a century ago, our exclusive replica couch with 8-way hand-tied suspension sends an upscale decorating message. Richly hand-rubbed mahogany recreates a finely aged piece. Upholstered in a beautifully textured golden wheat colored brocade jacquard fabric on front and back with a detached pillow roll, the hand-carved mahogany back boasts a swan motif. Each approx. 73"Wx28"Dx34"H. 40 lbs.


  Sir Benedict's Library Table
Historic Mahogany Monk's Bench

Historic Mahogany Monk's Bench

Our favorite English antique dealer agreed to have this stunning medieval Monk's Bench reproduced for us complete with all its rich, handcarved details. Clergy members used it to store vestments before the advent of closets. Both stylish and functional, this heavyweight, high-back bench with carved panels, provides seating for two, and deep storage for items such as fine linens, books or treasures from a bygone era. For authentic character, it takes over two weeks to hand carve and hand-finish the solid mahogany to replicate the original antique. A Toscano exclusive. 48"Wx21"Dx48"H. 90 lbs.


  Sir Benedict's Library Table
La VoÛte Grande Crescent Mahogany Executive Desk

La VoÛte Grande Crescent Mahogany Executive Desk

With a rich, natural, solid mahogany grain radiating from its center like a sunburst, our impressively sculptural executive desk glows as a six-foot expanse of pure drama. This heirloom work of furniture art demands its due as a true statement piece, with bowers of acanthus stretching across the 6½-inch apron, and rich barley twist edging that's impossible to ignore. Our most experienced wood carvers work well over a week to add the half-dozen cabriolet legs, the center drawer and the rich embellishments that adorn all sides of this luxurious executive desk. Our Toscano-exclusive investment in furniture art is a dramatic focal point for a luxury lifestyle. See Additional Views for details. 76½"Wx37"Dx31"H. 121 lbs.


  La VoÛte Grande Crescent Mahogany Executive Desk
    
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